IPB

Welcome Guest ( Log In | Register )

 
Reply to this topicStart new topic
> Gentoo Linux 的 LiveCD 复制安装及基本配置, 2008.0-r1
猫猫草
post 2008-09-09 09:20:22, Tue
Post #1


猫猫猫
***

Group: Power Cat
Posts: 626
Joined: 2006-12-8
Member No.: 2



用 LiveCD 启动

附件中是 Gentoo Linux 2008.0-r1 的 LiveCD for i686 光盘映像文件的种子文件
Attached File  livecd_i686_installer_2008.0_r1.rar ( 60.47k ) Number of downloads: 290


分区及格式化

将各分区按照预定计划 mount 到 /mnt/gentoo/ 下( /mnt/gentoo/ 视为新系统根目录)

然后

代码
# cp -af /mnt/livecd/* /mnt/gentoo/


代码
# cp -af /boot/* /mnt/gentoo/boot/


代码
# mkdir -p /mnt/gentoo/usr/local/portage


代码
# cd /mnt/gentoo/boot
# ln -s kernel-genkernel-x86-2.6.15-gentoo-r5 vmlinuz
# ln -s System.map-genkernel-x86-2.6.15-gentoo-r5 System.map
# ln -s initramfs-genkernel-x86-2.6.15-gentoo-r5 initrd.img
# cd /mnt/gentoo/etc
# rm localtime
# ln -s ../usr/share/zoneinfo/PRC localtime
# rm /mnt/gentoo/etc/runlevels/default/pwgen


其中最后一步是防止系统每次启动后自动修改root密码,造成无法登录的状况。

修改/mnt/gentoo/etc/make.conf,以IBM T30笔记本为例

代码
CFLAGS="-Os -march=pentium4m -pipe -msse2 -mfpmath=sse"
CXXFLAGS="${CFLAGS}"
CHOST="i686-pc-linux-gnu"
PORTDIR_OVERLAY="/usr/local/portage"


根据分区情况修改/mnt/gentoo/etc/fstab,示例如下

代码
/dev/sda5       /       reiserfs        noatime
/dev/sda1       /boot   reiserfs        noatime,noauto,nosuid
/dev/sda6       /usr    reiserfs        noatime
/dev/sda7       none    swap            sw 0 0
/dev/sda8       /var    reiserfs        noatime
/dev/sda9       /opt    reiserfs        noatime
/dev/sda10      /home   reiserfs        noatime,nosuid


修改/mnt/gentoo/etc/conf.d/clock

代码
CLOCK="local"


修改/mnt/gentoo/etc/conf.d/hostname,示例

代码
HOSTNAME="slove"


修改/mnt/gentoo/boot/grub/grub.conf,示例

代码
timeout 5
default 0
title=Gentoo Linux 2008.0
root (hd0,0)
kernel /vmlinuz root=/dev/ram0 real_root=/dev/sda5 ramdisk_size=8192 vga=791
initrd /initrd.img
title=Gentoo Linux 2008.0 Without X
root (hd0,0)
kernel /vmlinuz root=/dev/ram0 real_root=/dev/sda5 ramdisk_size=8192 nox
initrd /initrd.img


将grub安装到MBR,示例

代码
# grub-install -root-directory=/mnt/gentoo -no-floppy /dev/sda


修改/mnt/gentoo/etc/shadow,将root后面两个“:”之间的"*"或"X"去掉,然后reboot。

重启后用root登录,用passwd设置密码,系统安装完毕!
Go to the top of the page
 
+Quote Post
猫猫草
post 2008-09-09 19:36:13, Tue
Post #2


猫猫猫
***

Group: Power Cat
Posts: 626
Joined: 2006-12-8
Member No.: 2



选择最快镜像站点

在联网状态下(注:以后的操作内容,如无特别声明,均需在联网状态下进行)

代码
# mirrorselect -D -s 5 -b 10


会自动选择最快的5个镜像站点,并自动存入/etc/make.conf,在未来运行emerge时,会有明显的效率提升
Go to the top of the page
 
+Quote Post
猫猫草
post 2008-09-09 20:07:30, Tue
Post #3


猫猫猫
***

Group: Power Cat
Posts: 626
Joined: 2006-12-8
Member No.: 2



安装 lzma 工具

代码
# emerge lzma-utils


否则许多包会因无法解压而在安装时报错
Go to the top of the page
 
+Quote Post
猫猫草
post 2008-09-10 16:11:41, Wed
Post #4


猫猫猫
***

Group: Power Cat
Posts: 626
Joined: 2006-12-8
Member No.: 2



安装 Pyrex
(a language for writing Python extension modules)

代码
# emerge pyrex


否则一些包会无法生成自动安装脚本而失败
Go to the top of the page
 
+Quote Post
猫猫草
post 2008-09-10 16:14:10, Wed
Post #5


猫猫猫
***

Group: Power Cat
Posts: 626
Joined: 2006-12-8
Member No.: 2



安装 Xfce 桌面环境下的屏幕保护程序和密码锁定器

代码
# emerge xscreensaver
# emerge xlockmore

Go to the top of the page
 
+Quote Post
猫猫草
post 2008-09-10 16:14:27, Wed
Post #6


猫猫猫
***

Group: Power Cat
Posts: 626
Joined: 2006-12-8
Member No.: 2



更新 newt 包

代码
# emerge newt


否则 portimage 包无法正常更新(应该是BUG)
Go to the top of the page
 
+Quote Post
猫猫草
post 2008-09-10 16:15:01, Wed
Post #7


猫猫猫
***

Group: Power Cat
Posts: 626
Joined: 2006-12-8
Member No.: 2



占位留待更新
Go to the top of the page
 
+Quote Post
猫猫草
post 2008-09-10 16:15:17, Wed
Post #8


猫猫猫
***

Group: Power Cat
Posts: 626
Joined: 2006-12-8
Member No.: 2



安装 crossdev

多种交叉编译环境的准全自动构建器

代码
# emerge crossdev
Go to the top of the page
 
+Quote Post
猫猫草
post 2008-09-10 16:16:44, Wed
Post #9


猫猫猫
***

Group: Power Cat
Posts: 626
Joined: 2006-12-8
Member No.: 2



安装gentoolkit包

代码
# emerge gentoolkit


否则无法在系统更新后进行完全清理
Go to the top of the page
 
+Quote Post
猫猫草
post 2008-09-10 16:18:56, Wed
Post #10


猫猫猫
***

Group: Power Cat
Posts: 626
Joined: 2006-12-8
Member No.: 2



全面更新系统

代码
# emerge --sync


代码
# emerge --update --deep --newuse world
# emerge --depclean
# revdep-rebuild


根据机器性能,这需要花费数小时到一两天的时间,期间如计算机关闭或网络连接中断,则可能需要手工清理 /var/tmp 目录内容

此后的更新中,不应再使用 --newuse ,否则自行添加的软件包将被卸载
Go to the top of the page
 
+Quote Post
猫猫草
post 2008-09-10 16:19:28, Wed
Post #11


猫猫猫
***

Group: Power Cat
Posts: 626
Joined: 2006-12-8
Member No.: 2



清理不再使用的包

代码
# emerge --depclean
# revdep-rebuild

Go to the top of the page
 
+Quote Post

Reply to this topicStart new topic
1 User(s) are reading this topic (1 Guests and 0 Anonymous Users)
0 Members:

 



Lo-Fi Version Time is now: 2024-12-25 15:00